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		<title>Mongabay India</title>
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		<link>https://india.mongabay.com/list/sundarbans/</link>
		<description>India&#039;s environmental science and conservation news</description>
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					<title>[Commentary] Challenges of conservation, cyclones and COVID-19 in the lives of Sundarban residents</title>
					<link>https://india.mongabay.com/2021/07/commentary-challenges-of-conservation-cyclones-and-covid-19-in-the-lives-of-sundarban-residents/</link>
					<comments>https://india.mongabay.com/2021/07/commentary-challenges-of-conservation-cyclones-and-covid-19-in-the-lives-of-sundarban-residents/?noamp=mobile#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>16 Jul 2021 14:53:52 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Kalpita Bhar Paul]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Aditi Tandon]]>
					</author>
							<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
										<enclosure url="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/30/2021/07/16110842/Fishing_in_SUNDARBAN-768x512.jpg" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">https://india.mongabay.com/?p=14850</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[India, Sundarbans, and West Bengal]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Extreme Weather Events, Floods, Islands, and Sundarbans]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[For the past 18 months, the residents of the Sundarbans region in eastern India have been combating the threefold challenges of COVID-19 (a health emergency), cyclones (natural calamities) and conservation (rules that make access to forest difficult). The Sundarbans is the largest single mangrove ecosystem in the world, spanning India and Bangladesh and is inhabited [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
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							<![CDATA[For the past 18 months, the residents of the Sundarbans region in eastern India have been combating the threefold challenges of COVID-19 (a health emergency), cyclones (natural calamities) and conservation (rules that make access to forest difficult). The Sundarbans is the largest single mangrove ecosystem in the world, spanning India and Bangladesh and is inhabited by around 4.5 million people in India. The present distressed situation of the residents in Sundarbans is an outcome of human attempts to control nature and modify nature-based living practices. Both COVID-19 and cyclones are products of environmental distress. Developmental activities in the Indian Sundarbans region We need to unpack the last three decades of developmental activities in the Indian Sundarbans region to understand why the islanders are currently trapped in this delta. The construction of roads and bridges is one of the key developmental initiatives that the islanders have witnessed. It has eased out movement for the residents and has allowed them to venture into the city for livelihoods. It has also changed the livelihood patterns of people in this region. Earlier, the people in Sundarbans depended on forest-based livelihoods, but now we often observe that the islanders, particularly the youth, benefit from various government and non-governmental institutions. They develop new skills to transit from forest-based livelihoods to city-based ones. As a result, most young men work as daily labourers in cities far and near. The women migrate seasonally to meet the financial needs of the families. Both daily transition and seasonal transition from&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://india.mongabay.com/2021/07/commentary-challenges-of-conservation-cyclones-and-covid-19-in-the-lives-of-sundarban-residents/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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					<title>[Photos] Scenes from the Sundarbans after Amphan</title>
					<link>https://india.mongabay.com/2020/05/photos-scenes-from-the-sundarbans-after-amphan/</link>
					<comments>https://india.mongabay.com/2020/05/photos-scenes-from-the-sundarbans-after-amphan/?noamp=mobile#comments</comments>
					<pubDate>29 May 2020 13:15:08 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Kartik ChandramouliSahana Ghosh]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Kartik Chandramouli]]>
					</author>
							<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
										<enclosure url="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/30/2020/05/28232855/Banner-7-768x512.jpg" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">https://india.mongabay.com/?p=9998</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[West Bengal]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Coastal erosion, Extreme Weather Events, Indigenous Peoples, Mangroves, and Sundarbans]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[The impacts of cyclone Amphan on millions of people in eastern India and Bangladesh, particularly in the ecologically fragile Sundarbans region, have reinforced the urgent need to build resilience into delta communities, a section of which has already lost their livelihoods to the COVID-19 related lockdown. Fueled by unusually warm waters of the Bay of [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
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							<![CDATA[The impacts of cyclone Amphan on millions of people in eastern India and Bangladesh, particularly in the ecologically fragile Sundarbans region, have reinforced the urgent need to build resilience into delta communities, a section of which has already lost their livelihoods to the COVID-19 related lockdown. Fueled by unusually warm waters of the Bay of Bengal, cyclone Amphan became one of the strongest cyclones in the recorded history of the north Indian Ocean, impacting coastal West Bengal, Odisha, and Bangladesh, scientists have said. In its aftermath, Tarun Kumar Mandal, a jatra (folk theatre) artist, who hails from Satjelia island of the Gosaba Community Development (CD) Block in the Indian Sundarbans Delta, said he feels “directionless.” Cyclone Amphan flattened the home that he built from scratch from the savings that he made through folk theatre performances. Jatra, his last resort for a living is in limbo, due to the novel coronavirus associated lockdown. After extreme hardships, Tarun Kumar Mandal, a folk-theatre artist, managed to purchase a small plot of land and build a house in 2019 in Piyali, an entry point to Sundarbans. Cyclone Amphan flattened his home. Photo from Tarun Kumar Mandal. In a written communique in Bangla, he recalls his harsh childhood, his parents’ sacrifices to get him an education, and how he was pulled into the realm of folk theatre when everything else failed. Jatra is a folk-theatre form prevalent in eastern India and Bangladesh. Jatra means journey in Bangla and the name is thought to be derived&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://india.mongabay.com/2020/05/photos-scenes-from-the-sundarbans-after-amphan/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
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					<slash:comments>5</slash:comments>
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						<item>
					<title>Erosion, an important cause of mangrove loss in the Sundarbans</title>
					<link>https://india.mongabay.com/2020/05/erosion-an-important-cause-of-mangrove-loss-in-the-sundarbans/</link>
					<comments>https://india.mongabay.com/2020/05/erosion-an-important-cause-of-mangrove-loss-in-the-sundarbans/?noamp=mobile#comments</comments>
					<pubDate>28 May 2020 13:30:30 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Sahana Ghosh]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Sahana]]>
					</author>
							<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[climate change impact]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[climate resilience]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dams]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[extreme weather events]]></category>
										<enclosure url="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/30/2020/05/28115637/sundarbans-mangroves-768x512.jpg" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">https://india.mongabay.com/?p=9979</guid>

											<reporting-project>
							<![CDATA[Connected Environments and India's Iconic Landscapes]]>
						</reporting-project>
					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[West Bengal]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Biodiversity, Climate Change, Coast, Extreme Weather Events, Mangroves, Protected Areas, and Sundarbans]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[As officials assess the damage caused to the Sundarbans mangroves by cyclone Amphan, a new study says the ecologically fragile region in India and Bangladesh has lost 24.55 percent of mangroves (136.77 square km) due to erosion over the past three decades. Mangrove forests, nature’s buffer against disasters, are imperiled by unregulated coastal development, shrinking [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[As officials assess the damage caused to the Sundarbans mangroves by cyclone Amphan, a new study says the ecologically fragile region in India and Bangladesh has lost 24.55 percent of mangroves (136.77 square km) due to erosion over the past three decades. Mangrove forests, nature’s buffer against disasters, are imperiled by unregulated coastal development, shrinking of deltas and climate change linked extreme events. The degrading health of mangroves affects their resilience and recovery potential against climate change consequences like sea-level rise. In the Bay of Bengal delta, reduction in sediments due to upstream dams (human-induced) and increased wave action due to storms (natural) are the two major drivers of permanent loss of land to water in the Sundarbans, said study author Radhika Bhargava. “The loss of land due to erosion is leading to a direct loss in the mangrove forests,” Bhargava told Mongabay-India, adding most of the erosion is permanent in the Sundarbans (24.55 percent) as compared to smaller temporary (seasonal and ephemeral) losses. “This number (24.55 percent) only refers to losses due to erosion, there might be other causes of mangrove cover change during that time (like deforestation) which these statistics do not account for,” said Bhargava of Department of Geography, National University of Singapore. Blue is erosion, green is progradation between 1984 and 2018 based on the paper. The image is from the Namkhana, Kakdwip area, one of the worst-hit areas after Amphan. Photo from Radhika Bhargava. Cloud computing can be applied to track mangrove loss from Amphan&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://india.mongabay.com/2020/05/erosion-an-important-cause-of-mangrove-loss-in-the-sundarbans/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
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										<wfw:commentRss>https://india.mongabay.com/2020/05/erosion-an-important-cause-of-mangrove-loss-in-the-sundarbans/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
					<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
														</item>
						<item>
					<title>The Sundarbans: frontlines of climate change for tigers and people</title>
					<link>https://india.mongabay.com/2020/01/the-sundarbans-frontlines-of-climate-change-for-tigers-and-people/</link>
					<comments>https://india.mongabay.com/2020/01/the-sundarbans-frontlines-of-climate-change-for-tigers-and-people/?noamp=mobile#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>13 Jan 2020 11:16:35 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Johan Augustin]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Sandhya Sekar]]>
					</author>
							<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
										<enclosure url="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/30/2020/01/13110957/sundarbans2-768x512.jpg" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">https://india.mongabay.com/?p=8223</guid>

					
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Climate Change, Coast, Human Wildlife Conflict, Islands, Mangroves, Oceans, Sundarbans, and Tigers]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[The Indian part of the Sundarbans, the vast mangrove forest in the Bay of Bengal, consists of 102 islands, about half of them inhabited. That may not be the case for much longer. The villagers have raised a tall barrier of mud and rocks, and farther out to sea the West Bengal state government has [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
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							<![CDATA[The Indian part of the Sundarbans, the vast mangrove forest in the Bay of Bengal, consists of 102 islands, about half of them inhabited. That may not be the case for much longer. The villagers have raised a tall barrier of mud and rocks, and farther out to sea the West Bengal state government has erected a white concrete structure to prevent the vigorous erosion. But these measures haven’t stopped the approaching water from carving away large chunks of land, year after year. Saktipada Bhuinya looks out over the ocean that surrounds Sagar Island. He told Mongabay that the sea level often rises above the barrier at high tide, the water rushing over his floors. “I’ll give the house another year,” he said. After that, Saktipada and his family of six will have to move to a higher part of this mostly flat island, where they’ll stay under tarpaulin tents with other climate refugees. “We have no money to buy new land. We’re poor people,” Saktipada said. Saktipada Bhuinya says the sea level often rises above the barrier at high tide, and water comes rushing over his floor in the Indian Sundarbans. Photo by Jonas Gratzer for Mongabay. He’s not alone. Tens of thousands have already lost their homes in the Sundarbans. Each year it becomes harder for the 160,000 people living in Sagar Island’s 43 villages to resist the rising water. Cyclones and storms, which regularly pass through the Bay of Bengal, have become more frequent. Five years ago,&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://india.mongabay.com/2020/01/the-sundarbans-frontlines-of-climate-change-for-tigers-and-people/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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						<item>
					<title>[Commentary] Surviving in the fragile Sundarbans delta: Will the new government respond?</title>
					<link>https://india.mongabay.com/2019/07/commentary-surviving-in-the-fragile-sundarbans-delta-will-the-new-government-respond/</link>
					<comments>https://india.mongabay.com/2019/07/commentary-surviving-in-the-fragile-sundarbans-delta-will-the-new-government-respond/?noamp=mobile#comments</comments>
					<pubDate>16 Jul 2019 13:40:03 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Amrita Sen]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Aditi Tandon]]>
					</author>
							<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
										<enclosure url="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/30/2018/12/27205016/SundarbansFishing-768x512.png" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">https://india.mongabay.com/?p=6019</guid>

											<reporting-project>
							<![CDATA[Environment and Elections and India's Iconic Landscapes]]>
						</reporting-project>
					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[Sundarbans and West Bengal]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Climate Change Adaptation, Conservation, Impacts of Climate Change, Mangroves, and Sundarbans]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[With the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) making a landslide victory in the 2019 general elections of India, one cannot relegate apprehensions about the ways in which current environmental crises would be tackled by the newly elected government. Harini Nagendra appropriately draws attention towards this issue in a very recent article, illustrating [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
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							<![CDATA[With the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) making a landslide victory in the 2019 general elections of India, one cannot relegate apprehensions about the ways in which current environmental crises would be tackled by the newly elected government. Harini Nagendra appropriately draws attention towards this issue in a very recent article, illustrating the long drawn challenges faced by Indian governments in balancing ecological concerns and development imperatives. At a deeper end, one also ponders about the fate of the ‘ecosystem people’, inhabiting many of the ecological landscapes, like forests. Subsisting mostly on natural resources, they significantly bear the brunt of the ecological crisis. Sundarbans, shared between India and Bangladesh, is the largest stretch of estuarine mangrove forests in the world and the last and only vestige of the Bengal tiger. The Indian part of Sundarbans, commonly known as the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve (SBR), consists of inhabited and forested islands. The inhabited islands are distributed within 19 blocks of the North and South 24 Parganas districts of West Bengal, each block being administratively divided into a cluster of gram panchayats (village councils). Being situated at the frontiers of the mainland and subjected to lack of economic, institutional and infrastructural developments, the 4.5 million inhabitants of the SBR are marginalised in terms of access and entitlement to resources and opportunities. Few of the blocks like Gosaba, Kultali, Basanti and Patharpratima, situated at the active delta along the forest fringes, are further confronted by the effects of the climate crisis&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://india.mongabay.com/2019/07/commentary-surviving-in-the-fragile-sundarbans-delta-will-the-new-government-respond/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
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					<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
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						<item>
					<title>Bioremediation boost: Sundarbans mangroves shelter arsenic loving, salt tolerant bacteria</title>
					<link>https://india.mongabay.com/2018/02/bioremediation-boost-sundarbans-mangroves-shelter-arsenic-loving-salt-tolerant-bacteria/</link>
					<comments>https://india.mongabay.com/2018/02/bioremediation-boost-sundarbans-mangroves-shelter-arsenic-loving-salt-tolerant-bacteria/?noamp=mobile#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>12 Feb 2018 10:30:48 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Sahana Ghosh]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Sandhya Sekar]]>
					</author>
							<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
										<enclosure url="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/30/2018/02/11231912/Sundarbans-mangrove_Anish-Bhattacharyya-1-768x512.jpg" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">https://india.mongabay.com/?p=485</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[Bay of Bengal and West Bengal]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Agriculture, Biodiversity, Coast, Mangroves, Oceans, Salinisation, Sundarbans, and Wetlands]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[In the Sundarbans, the largest expanse of contiguous mangrove forests in the world, researchers have stumbled upon two bacterial species in the soil clinging to roots of the Goran tree. These species can thrive in the salt-stressed mangrove soil, and also trap and reduce arsenic uptake by plants, such as paddy, in these conditions. Moreover, [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[In the Sundarbans, the largest expanse of contiguous mangrove forests in the world, researchers have stumbled upon two bacterial species in the soil clinging to roots of the Goran tree. These species can thrive in the salt-stressed mangrove soil, and also trap and reduce arsenic uptake by plants, such as paddy, in these conditions. Moreover, these microbial minions also churn out chemicals that promote plant growth in these high salt environments. Letting these arsenic-loving microbes loose in soil could become an effective bioremediation strategy to combat arsenic contamination and salt stress in areas embattled with loss of soil productivity, say researchers in a new study. Goran (Ceriops decandra) is a near-threatened, salt-tolerant species which grows as a small tree or shrub and is highly valued as firewood. Digging around in the plant’s rhizosphere – the micro-ecological zone in direct contact with plant roots – Bose Institute’s Abhrajyoti Ghosh and colleagues isolated the arsenic-tolerant strains Kocuria flava and Bacillus vietnamensis, that could potentially remedy dietary arsenic exposure. “The major health hazards associated with intake of arsenic and its expensive remediation cost necessitates the development of cost-effective technologies to restore the polluted agricultural land. Among the various cost-effective technologies, microbe-assisted bioremediation has attracted immense attention in recent years,” said Ghosh, of the department of biochemistry, Bose Institute and lead researcher of the study. When either of the strains was applied on rice seedlings as inoculants, the researchers discovered that it “protected the plants significantly from the toxic effects of arsenic and salt stress,&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://india.mongabay.com/2018/02/bioremediation-boost-sundarbans-mangroves-shelter-arsenic-loving-salt-tolerant-bacteria/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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					<title>IUCN cheers one protected area and raises concerns for six</title>
					<link>https://india.mongabay.com/2017/12/iucn-cheers-one-protected-area-and-raises-concerns-for-six/</link>
					<comments>https://india.mongabay.com/2017/12/iucn-cheers-one-protected-area-and-raises-concerns-for-six/?noamp=mobile#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>15 Dec 2017 11:57:12 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Moushumi Basu]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Sandhya Sekar]]>
					</author>
							<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[IUCN]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[protected areas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Western Ghats]]></category>
										<enclosure url="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/30/2017/12/15104122/Pic-4-1.png" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">https://india.mongabay.com/?p=172</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[Assam and Sikkim]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Animals, Climate Change, Grasslands, Himalayas, National Parks, Plants, Protected Areas, Rhinos, Sundarbans, Western Ghats, and Wildlife Sanctuary]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has commended Sikkim’s Khangchendzonga National Park with a “good” conservation outlook for the year 2017 in its World Heritage Outlook 2 report. Even though this may bring some cheer, there is disappointment that the Western Ghats and the Manas Wildlife Sanctuary in Assam have been flagged as [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
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							<![CDATA[The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has commended Sikkim’s Khangchendzonga National Park with a “good” conservation outlook for the year 2017 in its World Heritage Outlook 2 report. Even though this may bring some cheer, there is disappointment that the Western Ghats and the Manas Wildlife Sanctuary in Assam have been flagged as having “serious concerns.” Of the seven IUCN world heritage sites in the country, the Kaziranga National Park in Assam and the Sunderbans National Park in West Bengal have fared better in the IUCN report card this time compared to the previous outlook of “significant concern” in 2014. They have gone up to the status of “good with some concern.” The Keoladeo National Park in Rajasthan, and Uttarakhand’s Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers national parks retain their former position of “good with some concern.” Sarus Crane at Keoladeo National Park, where the outlook is “good with some concern.” Photo by Lip Kee / Wikipedia Commons. The report, released at the UN climate change conference in Bonn, Germany, assessed the conservation status of 241 World Heritage sites in 107 countries. Apart from recognising the well-managed sites, it tracks the conservation status of the remaining sites, along with identifying the pressing conservation threats faced by them. Moving forward from its first edition in 2014, the current report provides the first global update of its assessments and opportunities for comparison with its last observations. Multiple pressures on the Western Ghats The IUCN, in its detailed report on the&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://india.mongabay.com/2017/12/iucn-cheers-one-protected-area-and-raises-concerns-for-six/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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